The Seven Virtues of Catholic Theology are moral and spiritual principles that guide believers toward righteous living and spiritual fulfillment. These virtues are divided into two categories: theological virtues and cardinal virtues. Together, they provide a framework for leading a virtuous life in accordance with Christian teachings.

I. The Theological Virtues

The theological virtues—faith, hope, and charity (love)—are directly related to one’s relationship with God. These virtues are considered divinely infused, meaning they are granted by God rather than acquired through human effort alone.

1. Faith (Fides)
   • Faith is belief in God and His revelations. It involves trusting in God’s existence, His teachings, and His divine plan.
   • Scripture Reference: “For we walk by faith, not by sight.” (2 Corinthians 5:7)
2. Hope (Spes)
   • Hope is trust in God’s promises, particularly the promise of eternal life. It encourages believers to persevere through trials, knowing that God’s salvation awaits.
   • Scripture Reference: “Rejoice in hope, be patient in tribulation, be constant in prayer.” (Romans 12:12)
3. Charity (Love) (Caritas)
   • Charity, also called love, is the greatest of all virtues. It is selfless love for God and for others.
   • Scripture Reference: “And now these three remain: faith, hope, and love. But the greatest of these is love.” (1 Corinthians 13:13)

These three virtues are the foundation of Christian life, influencing moral decisions and spiritual growth.

II. The Cardinal Virtues

The cardinal virtues—prudence, justice, fortitude, and temperance—are moral virtues that regulate human behavior. Unlike theological virtues, these can be developed through human effort and discipline.

4. Prudence (Prudentia)
   • Prudence is the ability to judge rightly and act wisely. It involves making ethical decisions based on reason and moral principles.
   • Scripture Reference: “The wisdom of the prudent is to discern his way.” (Proverbs 14:8)
5. Justice (Iustitia)
   • Justice is giving each person what is due to them—whether in law, society, or personal relationships. It includes fairness, respect, and righteousness.
   • Scripture Reference: “Blessed are those who hunger and thirst for righteousness, for they shall be satisfied.” (Matthew 5:6)
6. Fortitude (Fortitudo)
   • Fortitude is moral courage and inner strength. It enables believers to stand firm in faith and persevere through hardship.
   • Scripture Reference: “Be strong and courageous. Do not be afraid; do not be discouraged, for the Lord your God will be with you.” (Joshua 1:9)
7. Temperance (Temperantia)
   • Temperance is self-control and moderation. It encourages individuals to balance their desires and actions, avoiding excess.
   • Scripture Reference: “Let your moderation be known to all men.” (Philippians 4:5)

These virtues are called “cardinal” because they serve as the foundation for all other moral virtues. They guide ethical behavior and help individuals lead a balanced and disciplined life.

III. The Role of the Seven Virtues in Christian Life

The Seven Virtues provide a complete moral and spiritual framework. Together, they:

• Guide ethical decisions by balancing faith and reason.
• Help overcome vices by encouraging self-discipline.
• Strengthen one’s relationship with God by fostering love and righteousness.
• Promote social harmony by encouraging fairness, courage, and prudence in interactions with others.

By practicing these virtues, believers strive to reflect God’s will in their actions and grow in spiritual maturity.

IV. Conclusion

The Seven Virtues of Catholic Theology—faith, hope, charity, prudence, justice, fortitude, and temperance—serve as a roadmap for moral and spiritual growth. The theological virtues connect believers to God, while the cardinal virtues shape ethical behavior in daily life. Together, they form the foundation of Christian virtue, guiding believers toward a life of wisdom, justice, and love.