While there is some scientific evidence that diet can influence mental health, the idea that high-carb diets directly make a person “psychotic” is an oversimplification and lacks robust scientific support. However, understanding the complex relationship between carbohydrates, blood sugar, and mental health can help clarify why diet can affect mood, behavior, and mental well-being.

The Link Between Diet and Mental Health

Emerging research has shown that diet can influence mental health by affecting brain function, energy levels, and mood. Carbohydrates, which are the body’s main source of energy, play a key role in these processes. When consumed, carbs are broken down into glucose, the primary fuel for brain function. Proper glucose levels support steady energy and mental clarity. However, diets high in refined carbohydrates (like white bread, sugary snacks, and pastries) may have different effects than those containing complex carbs (such as whole grains, fruits, and vegetables).

Blood Sugar and Mood Swings

Refined carbs can lead to rapid spikes and crashes in blood sugar, causing the body to experience “hyperglycemia” (high blood sugar) and “hypoglycemia” (low blood sugar) within a short period. This rapid fluctuation can lead to mood swings, irritability, anxiety, and, in extreme cases, could exacerbate existing mental health conditions. While mood swings and anxiety differ from psychosis (which involves symptoms like hallucinations or delusions), they can still significantly affect one’s mental state.

Carbohydrates, Inflammation, and Mental Health

Some research indicates that high levels of refined carbs may contribute to inflammation. Chronic inflammation has been associated with a range of mental health issues, including depression, anxiety, and potentially even psychosis. A 2018 study published in Frontiers in Psychiatry found that individuals with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder often had higher markers of inflammation. While high-carb diets alone are unlikely to be the sole cause of psychosis, an inflammatory response triggered by diet could theoretically contribute to the symptoms in those already predisposed.

Insulin Resistance and Brain Health

Another area of research is the connection between high-carb diets and insulin resistance. When the body becomes less sensitive to insulin, it can struggle to regulate blood sugar effectively, which may lead to metabolic disorders. Some researchers theorize that insulin resistance may affect brain health, potentially increasing the risk for mental health disorders. Conditions like diabetes are known to have a higher comorbidity with mental health disorders, suggesting a complex relationship between blood sugar regulation and mental well-being.

Gut Health and Mental Health

High-carb diets, particularly those rich in sugars and refined grains, can negatively impact gut health by encouraging the growth of harmful bacteria. This can disturb the gut microbiome, which plays a significant role in brain health and mood regulation through the “gut-brain axis.” Poor gut health has been associated with anxiety, depression, and cognitive issues. While these issues are distinct from psychosis, they illustrate how a high-carb diet might influence mental health in a broader sense.

What the Research Says About Carbohydrates and Psychosis

Currently, there is limited evidence to suggest a high-carb diet alone causes psychosis. However, certain individuals with pre-existing mental health conditions or those who are sensitive to blood sugar fluctuations may experience worsened symptoms when consuming large amounts of refined carbohydrates.

A study published in Schizophrenia Bulletin (2014) observed that individuals with schizophrenia had higher rates of insulin resistance and metabolic issues. This implies that while high-carb diets do not directly cause psychosis, they might contribute to the exacerbation of symptoms in those predisposed.

Balancing Carbs for Mental Health

Instead of avoiding carbs altogether, focusing on complex carbohydrates and reducing refined sugars may help stabilize blood sugar, reduce inflammation, and improve gut health. Complex carbohydrates, found in foods like whole grains, legumes, and vegetables, are broken down more slowly in the body, providing a steady energy source and reducing the likelihood of blood sugar spikes and crashes.

Conclusion

While high-carb diets are unlikely to “make you psychotic,” they can influence mood and mental health, particularly in those sensitive to blood sugar changes or with pre-existing conditions. Refined carbs, in particular, may contribute to mood swings, anxiety, and mental health symptoms indirectly, primarily through blood sugar instability, inflammation, and insulin resistance.

For those interested in supporting mental health through diet, focusing on whole, nutrient-dense foods with a balance of healthy carbs, proteins, and fats may help promote emotional stability and well-being.