A chest cold, also known as acute bronchitis, occurs when the airways in the lungs become irritated and inflamed, usually after a common cold or viral infection. It often begins with mild cold symptoms that gradually move downward into the chest, causing a deep, lingering cough and discomfort when breathing.

The most noticeable symptom is a persistent cough. At first, the cough may be dry, but it often develops into a wet or productive cough that brings up clear, yellow, or green mucus. This happens because the body produces extra mucus to protect and clear the irritated airways.

Chest congestion and tightness are also common. Many people describe a heavy feeling in the chest or a wheezing sound when breathing. These sensations occur as inflammation narrows the air passages, making it harder for air to move freely in and out of the lungs.

Other symptoms often include mild fatigue, sore throat, and low-grade fever. Some may also experience chills, mild body aches, or shortness of breath, especially when coughing fits become frequent. The throat irritation usually results from postnasal drip or continuous coughing.

In most cases, the symptoms of a chest cold improve within one to three weeks, although the cough can linger longer as the airways heal. Rest, hydration, and warm fluids help soothe irritation and loosen mucus. Over-the-counter medications may provide relief, but antibiotics are rarely necessary since most chest colds are viral.

If the cough lasts more than three weeks, produces blood, or is accompanied by a high fever or breathing difficulty, medical attention is needed to rule out pneumonia or another serious infection. Recognizing the symptoms early allows for better management and a quicker recovery.